Otu esi eme iko, na kedu usoro mmepụta na usoro nke onye nchịkọta akụkọ Cn na-ewebata ụzọ ndị a.
1. Batching: dị ka ndepụta ihe a haziri si dị, tụọ ihe dị iche iche nke akụrụngwa ma gwakọta ha nke ọma na igwekota.Isi akụrụngwa nke iko bụ: quartz ájá, limestone, feldspar, soda ash, boric acid, wdg.
2. Na-agbaze, ihe ndị a kwadebere na-ekpo ọkụ na okpomọkụ dị elu iji mepụta otu iko afụ na-enweghị mmiri mmiri.Nke a bụ usoro mmeghachi omume anụ ahụ na nke kemịkal dị mgbagwoju anya.A na-eme mgbaze nke iko n'ime ọkụ.E nwere tumadi ụdị ọkụ abụọ: otu bụ crucible kiln, nke a na-etinye frit na crucible na-ekpo ọkụ n'èzí crucible.Ọ bụ naanị otu ite ka a ga-etinye n'ime obere ite ọkụ, a ga-etinyekwa ihe ruru 20 n'ime nnukwu ite ọkụ.Kiln crucible bụ mmepụta oghere, ma ugbu a ọ bụ naanị iko anya na iko agba ka a na-emepụta n'ime kiln crucible.Nke ọzọ bụ tank tank, nke a na-agbaze frit na ọdọ mmiri ọkụ ma na-ekpo ọkụ site na ọkụ ọkụ na akụkụ elu nke ọkwa mmiri iko.Igwe ọkụ na-agbaze nke iko bụ 1300 ~ 1600 ゜ C. Ọtụtụ n'ime ha na-ekpo ọkụ site na ọkụ, na ole na ole na-ekpo ọkụ site na ọkụ eletrik, nke a na-akpọ ọkụ ọkụ eletrik.Ugbu a, a na-emepụta tankị tank mgbe niile.Obere igbe tankị nwere ike ịdị ọtụtụ mita, ndị buru ibu nwere ike ibu ihe karịrị mita 400.
3. Ịmepụta bụ mgbanwe nke iko a wụrụ awụ n'ime ngwaahịa siri ike na ụdị edozi.Enwere ike ịme nhazi naanị n'ime oke okpomọkụ, nke bụ usoro jụrụ oyi.Igwe na-ebu ụzọ na-agbanwe site na mmiri viscous gaa n'ọnọdụ rọba, wee banye n'ọnọdụ siri ike.Enwere ike kewaa ụzọ nhazi n'ime akwụkwọ ntuziaka na nhazi igwe.
A. Artificial akpụ.Enwekwara (1) ịfụ, na-eji nickel chromium alloy blow pipe, na-ebuli bọọlụ iko na ịfụ mgbe ị na-atụgharị na ebu.A na-ejikarị eme ihe na-emepụta iko, karama, bọọlụ (maka ugogbe anya), wdg.Ndị mmadụ abụọ a na-afụ mgbe ha na-adọkpụ, nke a na-ejikarị eme tubes ma ọ bụ mkpanaka iko.(3) Pịa, buru otu iko, were mkpara gbutuo ya ka ọ daa n'ime oghere ahụ, wee pịa ya na ntụmadị.A na-ejikarị emepụta iko, efere, wdg. (4) N'efu na-akpụ, na-ebu ihe na iji ngwa ngwa, mkpa, tweezers na ngwa ndị ọzọ na-emepụta aka.
B. Mechanical akpụ.N'ihi nnukwu ọrụ ike, okpomọkụ dị elu na ọnọdụ ndị na-adịghị mma nke nhazi artificial, ọtụtụ n'ime ha ejiriwo ígwè arụ ọrụ dochie anya ma e wezụga n'efu.Na mgbakwunye na ịpị, ịfụ na ịse, nhazi usoro nwekwara (1) usoro calendering, nke a na-eji emepụta iko dị larịị, iko a kanyere, iko waya, wdg (2) Usoro nkedo iji mepụta enyo anya.
C. (3) A na-eji usoro nkedo centrifugal na-emepụta tubes iko dayameta buru ibu, arịa na nnukwu ite mmeghachi omume ike.Nke a bụ ịgbaze iko iko n'ime ihe na-agbagharị ọsọ ọsọ.N'ihi ike centrifugal, iko ahụ na-arapara na mgbidi ebu, na ntụgharị na-aga n'ihu ruo mgbe iko ahụ siri ike.(4) A na-eji usoro sntering mepụta iko ụfụfụ.Ọ bụ ịgbakwunye ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ na ntụ ntụ iko ma kpoo ya n'ụdị ọla kpuchie.A na-emepụta ọtụtụ ihe mkpuchi mechiri emechi na usoro ikpo ọkụ nke iko, nke bụ ezigbo ihe mkpuchi ọkụ na ihe mkpuchi ụda.Na mgbakwunye, imepụta iko dị larịị gụnyere usoro eserese kwụ ọtọ, usoro eserese dị larịị na usoro ise n'elu mmiri.Usoro ịse n'elu mmiri bụ usoro na-enye ohere ka iko mmiri mmiri na-ese n'elu igwe a wụrụ awụ (TIN) iji mepụta iko dị larịị.Isi uru ya bụ iko dị elu (dị larịị ma na-egbuke egbuke), ọsọ ọsọ ọsọ na nnukwu mmepụta.
4. Mgbe annealing, iko na-enwe mgbanwe okpomọkụ dị ukwuu na mgbanwe ọdịdị n'oge a na-emepụta, nke na-ahapụ nrụgide okpomọkụ na iko.Nchegbu okpomọkụ a ga-ebelata ike na nkwụsi ike nke ngwaahịa iko.Ọ bụrụ na a jụrụ ya ozugbo, ọ nwere ike ịgbawa n'onwe ya n'oge oyi ma ọ bụ mgbe e mesịrị nchekwa, njem na ojiji (nke a na-akpọkarị mgbawa oyi nke iko).Iji kpochapụ mgbawa oyi, a ghaghị ikpochapụ ngwaahịa iko mgbe emechara.Annealing bụ idobe okpomọkụ n'ụdị ọnọdụ okpomọkụ ma ọ bụ mee ka ọ kwụsịlata ruo oge ụfọdụ iji kpochapụ ma ọ bụ belata nrụgide okpomọkụ n'ime iko na uru a na-anabata.
Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, ụfọdụ ngwaahịa iko nwere ike ime ka ike dịkwuo ike.Gụnyere: ike ike anụ ahụ (quenching), ejiri maka iko ndị buru ibu, iko tebụl, ihe mkpuchi ụgbọ ala, wdg;Na kemịkalụ stiffening (ion mgbanwe), nke a na-eji maka iko mkpuchi elekere, iko ụgbọ elu, wdg. Ụkpụrụ nke stiffening bụ ịmepụta nrụgide nrụgide n'elu oyi akwa nke iko iji mee ka ike ya dịkwuo elu.
Oge nzipu: Jul-12-2022